28 February: The United States and Israel launch coordinated strikes against Iran, with President Trump announcing the start of "major combat operations."

Late February: Iran's Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, is assassinated in the US-Israeli strikes. His son, Mojtaba Khamenei, succeeds him as Iran's new Supreme Leader.

8 April: Iran and the United States agree to a two-week ceasefire.

April: Pakistan hosts the first face-to-face talks between the United States and Iran in 47 years. The negotiations conclude without a breakthrough, but also without a collapse in dialogue.

20 June: The United States and Iran hold high-level talks in Switzerland after signing a preliminary agreement aimed at ending the conflict.

1 July: A second round of talks takes place in Doha, with mediators reporting "positive progress."

8 July: The United States launches fresh strikes against Iran in response to attacks on shipping in the Strait of Hormuz. Iran retaliates, leading to renewed tensions and escalating instability in the waterway.